State medical licensure only sets minimum competency requirements and is not specialty specific. Medical specialty certification in the U.S. is a voluntary process demonstrating a physician’s expertise. Certification by the American Board of Urology (ABU) involves rigorous testing and evaluation designed and administered by leaders in the field. The certification process evaluates a urologist’s clinical skills based on education, examination, review of actual surgical cases, peer review, and other criteria. For the benefit of the public, the ABU strives to advance the clinical practice of urology by promoting the highest evidence-based guidelines and standards to ensure excellence in all areas of care and practice improvement. Consequently, it is widely believed that board certified urologists stay current with evolving knowledge, meet acceptable standards in their practice, and are recognized and respected by patients and peers.